해상 항공운송 직항 환적의 차이에 대해 알아보기
기항지 유무와 관계없이, 타 선박 혹은 타 운송수단으로 화물을 옮겨 싣지 않으면 직항. 그렇지 않으면 환적이라고 불립니다.
Oct 19, 2023
안녕하세요, 디지털 포워딩 - 쉽다(ShipDa)입니다.
이번 포스팅에서는 해상운송의 직항과 환적의 개념 차이를 알아보려 합니다. 국내 최초 민간 국적선사인 남성해운 담당자 및 디지털 포워딩 업계를 선도하고 있는 쉽다의 김희원 CLO가 콘텐츠를 준비해 주셨어요.
Direct(직항) vs Transshipment(환적)
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직항 서비스를 자칫하면 One Point to One Point라고 생각하실 수도 있는데요. 결론적으로 말씀드리자면 "기항지 유무"와 관계없이, 타 선박 혹은 타 운송수단으로 화물을 옮겨 싣지 않으면 직항. 그렇지 않으면 환적이라고 불립니다.
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예를 들어, 함부르크(독일)에서 부산(한국) 항구로 배가 출발했습니다. 선박에 담긴 화물을 싱가포르에 내립니다. 그리고나서 부산항으로 다시 출발했습니다. 이럴 경우 직항일까요, 환적일까요? 답은 "직항"입니다.
다시 한 번 정리하면, 직항은 출발항에서 목적항까지 운송하면서 다른 선박에 옮겨 싣는 과정 없이 하나의 모선으로 동일한 하나의 선박으로 운송되는 개념입니다. (*항공에서도 화물을 선적한 비행기가 중간 기항지에서 화물을 내리고 타 비행기 혹은 타 운송수단으로 옮겨 싣지 않고, 곧장 운송한다면 직항입니다.)
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이와 반면해 환적(Transshipment, 줄여서 T/S)의 경우에는 선박과 선박(비행기와 비행기) 혹은 타 운송수단에 옮겨 선적하는 경우를 의미합니다. 즉, 위 예시에서 싱가포르항에서 내 화물이 담긴 컨테이너가 다른 선박에 옮겨 선적되는 경우 "환적"되었다고 정의합니다.
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아주 간단한 예시로 "버스"를 들 수도 있는데요. 여러 정류장을 거치더라도 같은 버스를 타고 이동한다면 "직항", 목적지를 가기 위해 중간에 버스를 내려 환승한다면 이는 "환적"입니다.
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환적 시에는 A선박 -> B선박으로 혹은 타 운송수단으로 변경되기 때문에, 연결된 운송수단의 지연 등으로 인하여 예상했던 스케줄 보다 지연되는 경우가 꽤 빈번히 발생합니다. 따라서 납기가 중요한 상품인 경우 환적 보다는 직항에 선적하시는 것을 권장드리고 있습니다. 또한 화물을 다시 적재하는 과정에서 상품이 깨지거나, 훼손되는 경우도 있을 수 있으니 유의하셔야 하겠습니다.
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이렇게 금번 컨텐츠에서는 다소 혼동될 수 있는 직항과 환적의 개념을 자세히 알아보았구요.
해상/항공운송을 하시는데 있어 유용한 지식을 한 번쯤은 학습하시면 좋을 듯 해요.
쉽다 해상, 항공운송 견적조회에서는 스케줄 별 직항/환적여부를 구분할 수 있게 구성이 되어 있어요.
실제 운송수단을 선택하실 때, "최저가"만 살펴보시기 보다는 소요일과 직항/환적 여부를 함께 살펴보시는 것을 추천드려요.
본 콘텐츠는 [쉽다 - 유튜브 채널] 영상을 기반으로 작성되었습니다. 해당 내용을 영상으로 확인하고 싶으시다면 아래 재생 버튼을 클릭하세요:)
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디지털 물류 도입, 고민 중이라면?
