프리타임 3종 디머러지 디텐션 스토리지 쉽게 알아보기
무료기간이 지나고 나면 비용이 발생하게 되는데요. 이를 디머러지, 디텐션, 스토리지라고 구분하여 지체 일수 만큼 비용을 청구하게 됩니다.
Nov 29, 2023
안녕하세요, 디지털 포워딩 서비스 - 쉽다(ShipDa)입니다.
오늘은 컨테이너 운송을 진행하면서 마주하는 용어인 "프리타임(Freetime)"에 대해 알아보도록 하겠습니다. 본 컨텐츠는 포워딩 디지털화를 선도하고 있는 쉽다의 김희원 CLO가 촬영한 유튜브 영상을 기반으로 만들어 졌습니다.
디머러지(Demurrage), 디텐션(Detention), 스토리지(Storage)
컨테이너 화물이 수입항(목적항)에 도착하면 선박에 장치된 컨테이너 화물을 CY(컨테이너 야드)로 내려 싣습니다. 이후 수입통관이 완료되면 CY에 보관되어 있던 컨테이너를 반출시키고 최종 운송이 일어납니다. 운송이 종료되면 빈 컨테이너를 다시 터미널로 이동시키고요. 이때, 보관/반납 등 정해진 기간에 대해 무료일수를 부여하는 것을 "프리타임"이라고 부릅니다.
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이런 무료기간이 지나고 나면 "비용"이 발생하게 되는데요. "디머러지, 디텐션, 스토리지"라고 구분하여 지체일수 만큼 비용을 청구하게 됩니다. 해당 비용을 인지하고 있으셔야 별도 추가비용이 발생하지 않게 통제하실 수 있는데요. 같이 알아보도록 하겠습니다:)
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아래 이미지 테이블로 요약할 수 있을텐데요. 하나씩 자세히 뜯어 보도록 하겠습니다.
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디머러지(Demurrage): 컨테이너 반출 지체료
디머러지는 컨테이너가 수입항(목적항)에 도착하고 CY(Container Yard) 반출이 일어나기 전까지의 기간을 의미합니다. 이 기간은 해운회사가 거래하는 포워더마다 차등으로 부여합니다. 해당 기간을 초과하게 되는 경우에는 CY에서 컨테이너를 늦게 반출했음에 대한 "반출 지체료"를 해운회사가 부과하게 됩니다. 그러면 포워더는 실비 그대로 고객사에게 청구하게 되겠죠.
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디텐션(Detention): 컨테이너 반납 지체료
디머러지와 달리 디텐션은 운송완료된 컨테이너를 반납하지 않았을 때 부과하는 비용인데요. CY 반출 이후 반납까지의 무료 기간을 해운회사에서 포워더마다 정해 놓습니다. 만약 반납 기간을 지키지 못하는 경우, 해운사는 이를 거래하는 포워더에게 청구하고, 포워더는 이를 고객사에게 실비로 청구하게 됩니다. 디텐션이 지체되는 케이스는 디머러지에 비해 적습니다만, 운송 도착지에 보관할 곳이 마땅치 않아 야외에서 컨테이너 채로 보관하는 경우에 발생하곤 합니다.
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스토리지(Storage): 컨테이너 경과 보관료
스토리지는 기본 개념은 위에서 설명한 디머러지와 같습니다. 한 가지 다른 점은 비용 청구 주체가 "해운회사"가 아니라 "터미널"이라는 점입니다. 해운회사가 소유한 컨테이너를 순환적으로 운영하지 못해서 청구되는 디머러지, 디텐션과 다르게 터미널은 야드 무료사용을 제한하기 위해 스토리지라는 비용을 청구합니다.
디머러지와 마찬가지로 수입항(목적항)에 도착해 CY 반출까지 무료기간이 있고, 이 기간을 초과하면 비용을 부과합니다.
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문제는 디머러지와 스토리지 무료 기간이 상이하다는 것인데요. 일반적으로 포워더들이 고객사에게 안내하는 무료 기간은 "디머러지 & 디텐션"입니다. 스토리지는 해운회사에서도 통제하지 못하는 비용이고, 실비로 청구되는 항목이기 때문입니다. 쉽다를 포함한 일부 영향력 있는 포워더의 경우에는 해운사의 도움을 얻어 터미널로부터 무료 스토리지 기간을 확보할 수 있는데요.
우리 회사 화물이 항만 터미널에서 오랜 기간 보관해야만 하는 경우라면, 쉽다 웹페이지에서 업무를 의뢰하실 때, 코멘트로 남겨주시면 내용을 확인하고 도움을 드리고 있습니다. 포스팅 하단 버튼을 클릭하시면 해상FCL(컨테이너) 견적조회 및 업무의뢰 할 수 있는 페이지로 바로 이동합니다.
위 포스팅을 영상으로 확인하고 싶으시다면, 아래 유튜브 영상을 재생해주세요. [쉽다-유튜브 채널]도 운영하고 있으니, 무역에 관심이 있으신 분들은 "구독, 좋아요" 부탁드릴게요:)
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